7.4.1. The rechargeable battery - the general information, check of a state, replacement, storage and commissioning
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Information on service and charging of the rechargeable battery is provided in the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance of the car. |
General information
The 12-voltny rechargeable battery installed on the car consists of six cans containing positive and negative plates (lamels) lowered in solution of sulfuric acid. The problem of the battery includes production of current for start of the car, ignition, lighting, and also for other consumers of the electric power.
The battery has 100 percent efficiency at the air temperature of 27 °C. At a temperature of -18 °C efficiency falls to 40 percent, - start of the engine will demand twice more energy, than is spent at 27 °C.
Starting power (starting current) shows ability of the accumulator to start the engine in the conditions of very cold weather. It is accepted to understand as this characteristic current in amperes which the battery is capable to give within 30 seconds at air temperature - 18 °C without power failure lower than 7.2 In (the minimum level demanded for reliable start). The this indicator, the more starting power of the accumulator is higher.
Reserve power shows time in minutes during which the battery gives current with a force of 25 And at a temperature of 27 °C., i.e. time during which the accumulator ensures functioning of all auxiliary consumers of the electric power of the car at night and in the conditions of bad weather at the faulty generator.
In winter conditions at the air temperature of -18 °C and below efficiency of recharge of the battery sharply falls in connection with increase of internal resistance. At short trips in the winter the energy spent for start is not restored therefore the battery begins to work very hard, eventually, completely spending the charge.
In summer months after long trips the engine strongly heats up, and often happens that it is difficult to start it anew. Such "hot starts" sometimes demand as much the power how many and at cold weather, and sometimes it is even more. In a special measure told belongs to high-compression engines with large working volume and to the models equipped with the air conditioner.
Told lines of times emphasizes importance of correctness of the choice of the battery according to requirements imposed by the engine installed on the car.
Check
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PERFORMANCE ORDER |
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At ambient temperatures below 0 °C the minimum admissible indication decreases up to 9.1 Century. |
Replacement
Shutdown of the battery
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The negative wire is always disconnected first of all and connected in the last! |
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PERFORMANCE ORDER |
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It is possible to avoid unpleasant consequences of shutdown of the rechargeable battery by means of the external power supply, - detailed instructions for use are usually provided by similar devices in the instruction for their operation. As a rule, such power supplies are connected to a lighter nest then the regular battery can be quietly disconnected. The current developed by a source has to be enough for food of memory of the module of management, prevention of blocking of the radio tape recorder and preservation of operability of hours.
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Some of similar devices can give the current sufficient for normal functioning and other consumers of energy to system. Before service of components of electric equipment make sure that the corresponding consumer is completely deenergized! |
Acquisition of the new battery
Probably, the most important what the buyer has to pay attention to, are performance data of the battery. Such characteristics three. The first this rated voltage, - it at all batteries identical, and it is impossible to be mistaken. Upon purchase it is desirable to check the battery a load fork. The second - the capacity measured in ampere/hours (And / h), and, roughly speaking, defining quantity of the electric power reserved in the battery. Depends on capacity as it is long possible to turn the engine a starter, more precisely, - how many it can be made attempts of start of the engine. The battery price mainly is defined by its capacity. And the third characteristic - starting current (it is measured in Amperes), i.e. the current given on a starter at start of the engine. This parameter can be specified on batteries in four various ways: according to requirements of domestic standards (state standard specifications), according to standards of Uniform Europe (EN), according to the American standard (SAE), or according to the German standard (DIN). The DIN standard is closest to domestic state standard specification and on the majority of batteries of the European production is used "by default", i.e. without indication of system. The size of starting current, the quicker is higher and with higher torque the starter will turn the engine.
It is the most correct to buy the battery with those characteristics which are specified in the maintenance instruction of the car: so, - in this case it will serve longer and with the minimum expenses. It is possible to buy for reasons of economy the battery the required capacity underestimated against, however it will serve less and will bring much more efforts at cold starts in winter season. Acquisition of the battery bigger in comparison with nominal does not give to capacity a prize on the term of its service since constant недозаряд will lead to sulphation of plates. Use of the battery with excessively high starting current is fraught with burning of windings of a starter, - is much more effective in fight against the complicated starts elementary replacement of motive oil is.
Lately the market of the country is overflowed with low-quality goods and fakes. Rechargeable batteries are not an exception. There are several signs on which it is possible to distinguish with rather high precision the original from a fake. The first and, perhaps, main thing: on the battery the country manufacturer and the releasing plant have to be surely specified, it is better if with the address. The second: date of issue has to be specified that in a special measure belongs to the batteries of tight which are not needing service. Technical data sheet has to be attached to each battery, and here existence of the instruction is optional. It is connected with what in the west of the battery is almost not sold at retail, - they are established by experts at car repair shops. The third: the high-quality battery is inconceivable without the high-quality case, good traffic jams and smooth output plugs which are quite often covered by special lubricant for protection against oxidation and covered from above with color plastic caps.
Removal and installation
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Before a battery detachment attentively study the recommendations given above. |
Removal
Installation
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Owing to the limited area for placement of the rechargeable battery its height should not exceed 175 mm. When replacing the battery keep in mind that to install the battery having height it is more specified, it is not possible. |
Installation is made as it should be, the return to an order of dismantle of components. After connection of wires grease terminal knots with technical vaseline.
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The negative wire is always disconnected first of all and connected in the last! |
Storage and commissioning
If the refusal of use of the car for the term of more than two months is planned, the rechargeable battery should be removed and removed on storage. Optimum temperature of storage of the battery makes from 0 to 27 °C. At these temperatures the self-discharge of the battery is minimum. In order to avoid irreversible destruction of lamels it is necessary to make charging of the battery removed on storage at least once a month.
Besides a discharge not used battery is subject to sulphation. If to make charging of such battery the device for a bystry charge, she will not perceive charging current, or as a result of sulphation is recharged and is not subject to further use.
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PERFORMANCE ORDER |
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