4.1. General information
The model range of Opel Corsa/Combo and Tigra differs in the extraordinary width of a range of the consumers of engines brought to attention. The complete list of the considered models of engines applied to a complete set is provided in Specifications at the beginning of the present Chapter. In view of limitation of the place and avarice of sources of information, in the present manual only some, most typical representatives of each class of the used engines are brought to attention of readers. At the beginning of the Head Dvigateli Specifications with a statement of detailed technical characteristics of the listed engines are provided.
Petrol engines
Line petrol engines are installed cross in a forward part of the car. Transmission assembly is located to the left of the engine and transfers the torque developed by the last to forward wheels of the car.
The block of cylinders is manufactured of aluminum alloy and equipped with sleeves of dry type.
|
Observe the ordered efforts of tightening of threaded connections as aluminum casting belongs to the category of soft materials and tightening of fixture of components with excessive effort can lead to damage of carving openings! |
The bent shaft rotates in the radical support equipped with sliding bearings. The persistent half rings regulating an axial side play of a shaft are established on the central support of a shaft.
Rods are put on working necks of a bent shaft by the equipped bearings of sliding and horizontally cut lower heads. To pistons rods fasten by means of put внатяг in their top heads of piston fingers, - in pistons fingers have floating landing. The pistons cast from aluminum are equipped with three piston rings, - two compression and one (lower) oil scraper.
The camshaft rotates in the bed strengthened from above heads of cylinders and is given to rotation from a bent shaft by means of a rubber gear belt (the same belt is used for the drive of the water pump). On DOHC engines two camshafts which are also given a rubber gear belt are used. Eccentric cams of the camshaft influence levers of the drive of valves which working ends rest against end faces passed throughout the directing plugs and the cores of the sprung valves equipped with maslootrazhatelny caps. The opposite ends of levers lean in hydraulic compensators, carrying out automatic selection of valvate gaps.
The lubrication system of the engine works from the gear oil pump given to rotation from a pin of a bent shaft. Oil gets through the maslozabornik equipped with the mesh filter from the pallet of a case of the engine and is filtered by a full-line replaceable oil filter. Oil moves on the maslotoka provided in casting of the block and is distributed on two main directions: to bearings of cranked and distributive shaft. In bearings oil moves under pressure through special drillings in bodies of shaft. Greasing of cams of the camshaft and valvate components, as well as other internal components of the engine is carried out by a spraying method.
General scheme of functioning of the lubrication system of engines
Diesel SOHC engines
Engines are 4-cylinder line, 8-valvate, with one distributive shaft of the top arrangement (SOHC), are installed cross in a forward part of the car. Transmission assembly fastens to the engine at the left and carries out torque transmission on forward wheels.
The block of cylinders is manufactured by method of iron casting with the cylinders formed directly in his body (the block with dry sleeves).
The bent shaft rotates in five radical support equipped with sliding bearings. The persistent half rings regulating an axial side play of a shaft are put in the top half of the central (third) support.
Rods are put on a shaft by the lower horizontally cut heads equipped with sliding bearings. Cast aluminum pistons are connected to rods by means of the piston fingers which are freely floating in the top heads of rods and fixed in lugs of pistons by lock rings. Each piston is equipped with three piston rings - two compression and one (lower) oil scraper.
Inlet and final valves are sprung and move in the directing plugs pressed in a head of cylinders.
The camshaft is given from a bent shaft by means of a gear belt and rotates directly in a block head. The drive of valves is carried out from the camshaft by means of the driving levers installed directly under cams. Selection of valvate gaps is made automatically due to equipping of basic racks of driving levers by hydraulic compensators.
The lubrication system is organized similarly described above for petrol engines, with only that difference that for the purpose of increase in intensity of cooling of the bottoms of pistons in the basis of each of cylinders of the block is established on an oil spray. For maintenance of normal temperature of oil at the raised loadings the engine is in addition equipped with the oil cooler.
All engines
The list of the repair work performed without extraction of the engine from the car
The listed below following repair work can be performed without removal of the engine from the car:
- Check of a compression;
- Removal and installation of a cover of the gas-distributing mechanism;
- Removal and installation of a cover of the GRM drive;
- Removal and installation of components of the GRM drive (belts/chains, gear wheels / asterisks);
- Removal and installation of the camshaft(s) and levers of the drive of valves/pushers);
- Removal and installation of a head of cylinders;
- Removal and installation of pistons with rods *;
- Removal and installation of the pallet of a case;
- Removal, recovery repair and installation of the oil pump;
- Removal and installation of the oil cooler (at the corresponding complete set);
- Replacement of epiploons of a bent shaft;
- Check of a state and replacement of support of a suspension bracket of the power unit;
- Removal, check of a state and installation of a flywheel / driving disk.
* Though after removal of a head of the block and the pallet (without removing the engine) there is a possibility of dismantle of conrod and piston assemblies, it is not necessary to abuse such opportunity in view of the difficulties connected with need of respect for purity and carrying out a number of preparatory procedures. In view of told, the description of this procedure is provided in the Part the General and capital repairs of the engine.
Before works make careful cleaning of a motive compartment and the external surfaces of the power unit with application of one of a wide range of special solvents. Such processing will allow to avoid hit of dirt in the engine.
In case of need, the forthcoming work determined by character, it is possible to remove a cowl for the purpose of ensuring freedom of access to the components which are subject to service (see the Head Kuzov), - in order to avoid casual damage of a paint and varnish covering cover car wings with special covers, or just old blankets.