3.4. Checks of levels of liquids

Below also some special procedures of service demanding performance of additional checks of levels of liquids are described. Regularly look under the car, checking it for existence of signs of development of leak of working liquids.


Authors of the present manual recommend to make check of levels of the main working liquids (motive oil, cooling liquid, liquid of washing of a windshield, battery electrolyte, liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel) on a regular basis, at least through each 7500 km of a run. The others - according to the schedule THAT (see the Section Schedule of Routine Maintenance).

Various liquids play a role of working bodies in lubrication systems, coolings, braking, couplings, heating and air conditioning, washing of glasses, etc. In view of the fact that all liquids are subject to fluidifying and development eventually, and also during normal functioning of systems gradually become soiled, it is necessary to make their full replacement periodically. Before starting adjustment of level or replacement, study the list of the grades of liquids recommended for use in the car (see Specifications to the Head Nastroyki and routine maintenance of the car).

When checking levels of liquids the car has to be parked on the flat horizontal platform, whenever possible with a hard coating.

Motive oil

Visual control of leaks

At the greasy engine and a big consumption of oil check places of the most probable development of leaks:

  1. Open a cover of a jellied mouth and check consolidation for existence of cracks or damages;
  2. Ventilation of a case: For example, a ventilating hose from a cover of a head of cylinders to an air absorption hose;
  3. Laying of a cover of a head of cylinders;
  4. Laying of a head of cylinders;
  5. Drain stopper (sealing ring);
  6. Laying of an oil filter: a filter joint with a flange;
  7. Laying of the pallet of a case;
  8. Forward and back epiploons of a bent shaft.

 PERFORMANCE ORDER

As in the presence of thinnesses oil spreads on the big surface of the engine, at once it is complex to define places of leaks. For detection of leaks act as follows:
  1. Wrap the generator in polyethylene.
  2. Spray the engine a usual cold cleaner and through short time wash out water on car wash.
  3. Strew joints of components of the engine outside with lime or talc.
  4. Check oil level, if necessary add.
  5. Make a trial trip on distance about 30 km on the high-speed route as oil in the hot engine reduces the viscosity and quicker acts in places of leaks.
  6. In conclusion investigate the engine by means of a lamp and localize places of leaks, having eliminated malfunctions.

Check of level

Approximately each 1 000 km of a run check the level of oil and, if necessary, add oil. On 1000 km of a run the car has to consume no more than 1.0 l of oil. Higher expense indicates wear of maslootrazhatelny caps and/or piston rings or epiploons.


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

Check of level of engine oil is the important preventive procedure of service of the engine. Continuous decrease in level demonstrates existence of leak of oil as a result of failure of epiploons, damage of sealing laying, wear of piston rings or the directing plugs of valves. If oil on color or a consistence reminds milk, or at it there are water drops, it speaks about possible damage of laying of a head of cylinders, or formation of cracks to a body of a head(s) or the block. Check has to be made immediately. During measurement of level of oil always check also its state. Big and index fingers remove oil traces from a probe edge, - in case of presence at it of small metal particles oil is subject to replacement (see the Section Replacement of Motive Oil and Oil Filter).
  1. Park the car has to on the horizontal platform.
  2. Park the car has to on the horizontal platform.
  3. Warm up the engine up to the working temperature and muffle it. Wait 3 minutes until oil merges in the case pallet.
  4. Take out the probe of measurement of level of oil and wipe it with pure rags.
  5. Then insert the probe against the stop and again take out it. Level of oil has to be between the marks MIN and MAX
  6. Add oil if its level lies about the lower mark.

The probe of measurement of level of motive oil (1) with tags and a guide of the probe (2)

The oil volume corresponding to a difference between the marks "MIN" and "MAX" corresponds to 1.0 l.

Cooling liquid of the engine

Do not allow hit of antifreeze on open parts of the body and the painted surfaces of the car. Immediately wash away casual splashes a plentiful amount of water. Remember that antifreeze is extremely toxic liquid and its hit in an organism even in small amounts is fraught with the most serious consequences, up to a lethal outcome. Never leave antifreeze stored in leaky closed container, immediately collect the cooling liquid spilled on a floor. Remember that the sweetish smell of antifreeze can draw to itself attention of children and animals. About ways utilization of the fulfilled cooling liquid consult with local authorities, - in many regions of the world special points on different reception of working off are equipped. Do not merge old cooling liquid in the sewerage and on the earth at all!

Recently nontoxical grades of antifreeze are developed, nevertheless, they also had to be utilized in an organized order.

All models of cars described in the present manual are equipped with the cooling system of compensation type working with an excessive pressure. The broad tank of the cooling system made of translucent plastic is located before a partition of a motive compartment. At warming up of the engine the cooling liquid (CL) extends, and its surplus flows via the valve which is built in in a cover of a jellied mouth of a radiator, in a broad tank. In process of cooling, liquid comes back on a hose in a radiator that allows to support constantly normal its level in system.

Do not uncover a jellied mouth of a radiator / a broad tank at the hot engine!

The OZh level in a broad tank is checked on a regular basis and at the cold engine should not fall below the mark KALT/COLD in a wall of the tank manufactured of translucent plastic In case of need make the corresponding adjustment, having added in a tank the required quantity is fresher than mix.

Check of level of cooling liquid through translucent walls of a broad tank

For adjustment of level of liquid use only the required structure mix of ethylene glycol and the distilled water (about 50/50). Remember that idle time of water leads frequent application for this purpose to gradual fluidifying of antifreeze and losing by mix of frost resistance and anticorrosive properties. It is also not necessary to abuse various type additives.

Continuous falling of level of cooling liquid usually demonstrates development of leaks in system. Check a radiator, connecting hoses, a cover of a jellied mouth, drain traffic jams and the case of the water pump for existence of traces of leaks. If it is not possible to reveal any signs of leaks, it is necessary to make check of a cover of a radiator pressure in the conditions of a workshop of car service.

In need of removal of a cover of a radiator wait for full cooling of the engine, then wind a mouth with a thick layer of rags and slowly turn off a cover to the first emphasis. If at the same time there is steam emission, let's the engine cool down a little more, only after it finally uncover.

Besides level always check also a condition of cooling liquid, - it has to be rather transparent. If cooling liquid is painted in henna-red color of a rust, the cooling system has to be emptied, washed out and filled with fresh mix of antifreeze with water. Even if liquid externally is not exposed to any changes, the corrosion inhibitors which are its part are exposed eventually to development therefore cooling liquid has to be replaced regularly according to the schedule of routine maintenance of the car (see the Section Schedule of Routine Maintenance).

Try not to allow hits of antifreeze on open sites of skin or the painted surfaces of body components. Immediately wash away casual splashes a plentiful amount of water.

Liquid of washers of glasses and lenses of headlights

Liquid for washing of wind and back glasses is filled in in the special tank manufactured of plastic located in the left corner of a motive compartment between a depreciation rack and a partition; the tank for liquid of washers of lenses of headlights is located before a depreciation stoykoyv regions with a temperate climate as liquid for washing of glass clear water can be used, however it is not necessary to fill the tank more than on 2/3 for the purpose of compensation of expansion of water at its freezing during frosts. At operation of the car in severe climatic conditions use only patent screen wipers providing the corresponding decrease in a freezing point of liquid. In order to avoid frosting of glass when washing in cold weather previously warm up it by an obduv the air passed via the heater heat exchanger.
Tank of liquid of washers of wind and back glasses
Tank of liquid of a washer of lenses of headlights

Rules of configuration of mix are usually printed on the label of a container. Do not apply to addition in liquid of washing of glasses the antifreeze used in the cooling system, - the last is aggressive in relation to a paint and varnish covering of body panels!

Electrolyte of the rechargeable battery

The cars considered in the present manual are completed with the battery of tight type which is not needing service in which case only air vents are provided. The case of the battery can be manufactured of translucent plastic, - in this case electrolyte level in its banks can be controlled for the purpose of obtaining indirect information on serviceability of functioning of system of a charge and current state of the battery. If in use the vehicle the battery for any reason was replaced usual (the served type), it is necessary to check electrolyte level in its banks from time to time for what it is necessary to remove the top control/jellied traffic jams. Especially attentively it is necessary to watch electrolyte level in warm season. For adjustment of level of electrolyte it is necessary to use only the distilled water.

Working liquid of the brake system and drive of coupling

The tank of brake fluid is divided into two cameras, everyone for the contour of braking. The carving cover has an air vent which has to be always open. Transparent walls of the tank allow to determine the level of brake fluid easily.

The Main Brake Cylinder (MBC) is fixed on the block of the servo-driver of the vacuum amplifier of brakes. The tank installed from above on GTTs is used as the reserve drive in hydraulic paths of both brake mechanisms, and coupling (see Chapters Coupling and power shafts and the Brake system).

Liquid level in GTTs tanks and the drive of coupling is well looked through through translucent walls of the last and has to be supported between the marks MIN and MOVE.

Liquid level in the GTTs tank is well looked through through its translucent walls

In case of need adjustments of level of liquid carefully wipe a cover of the corresponding tank and a surface around it with pure rags in order to avoid hit in hydraulic system of dirt.

At a liquid flood in the tank you watch that it was not sprayed on the surrounding painted surfaces of body elements. Add to each of systems only liquid of the grade stipulated by Specifications, - mixing of two liquids of various grade is inadmissible and can lead to refusal of the corresponding system!

Brake fluid is extremely chemically aggressive, - do not allow hit it in eyes and on the painted surfaces of body panels! Do not use for addition in system the working liquid which staid more than one year, or stored in leaky closed container. Remember that brake fluid is very hygroscopic, i.e. has ability to absorb moisture from air therefore efficiency of functioning of the brake system can dangerously decrease!

At a stage of adjustment of level it is necessary to check also attentively a condition of liquid and internal walls of the tank. In case of identification of mud deposits, firm foreign particles or drops of water the system has to be emptied and filled with fresh brake fluid (see Chapters Coupling and power shafts and the Brake system).

After the tank is filled to the required level, densely put on it a cover.

Remember that the level of working liquid in the GTTs tank in process of operation of frictional overlays of brake shoes gradually falls, however this decrease is always very insignificant. If liquid has to be added too often, therefore, in system leak which source has to be immediately revealed takes place, and the cause is removed, - attentively examine all brake lines and their nipple connections, including supports, wheel cylinders and the servo-driver of the vacuum amplifier (for more details see in the Section Check of the Brake System). Falling of level of liquid in the tank of a hydraulic actuator of coupling demonstrates development of leaks in a path, including the executive cylinder (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts).

If during check of level of liquid in the main cylinders the fact that its tank is almost devastated is elicited, the corresponding system has to be pumped completely over (see the Head Stsepleniye and power shafts or the Brake system).

Liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel

The tank of liquid of the GUR system is located in a forward part of a motive compartment, behind a left headlight.

The cover of the tank is equipped with the built-in measuring probe. A procedure for test standard for all measurements by means of probes.

Check of level of working liquid in the GUR tank

Try not to allow a liquid level exit out of limits of the lower bound of admissible range.

In case of need make the corresponding adjustment of level, having added the GUR working liquid of the required grade in a tank mouth.

If need for adjustment of level of liquid arises regularly and often, check the steering pump, a case of rack transfer, and also all connecting lines of a hydraulic path of system and their nipple connections for existence of signs of leaks.

RKPP gearbox oil

Gearbox oil does not need to be changed. Level of oil needs to be modified in case of detection of leak in the power unit or after the RKPP installation. When filling RKPP with oil it can flow out from a control opening. For collecting oil substitute suitable capacity under RKPP.


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Tire out the car on a platform or a viewing hole, or and install to a poddomkratta it on props in strictly horizontal position. Check of level of gearbox oil has to be made before a trip, or not less than 5 minutes later after an engine stop, - oil has to manage to flow down in RKPP case pallet.
  2. Carefully wipe a box case surface around a control stopper the Stopper is behind RKPP at the left.

Location of a stopper of a control opening on RKPP

On the engine of 1.6 l the stopper is in front of RKPP at the left.

  1. Make a hook according to an accompanying illustration and enter it into an opening, - the level of oil has to be not lower than 2 cm from the lower edge of a control opening.

The probe for check of level of gearbox oil in RKPP

  1. Adjustment of level of oil is made through an opening under the D/V installation of fires of a backing, or through a special jellied opening, - turn out a sensor/stopper.

Location of a jellied opening on RKPP

  1. Continue to fill in oil until it does not begin to follow too much a control opening, allow surplus to flow down, then muffle a control opening a stopper and tighten the last with the required effort.

Do not fill in a lot of oil at once. Oil has a certain viscosity and some time that it flew down down is required.

  1. Install into place the sensor switch or a stopper of a jellied opening and tighten him / her with the required effort.

ATF

When holding the procedures described below you monitor respect for purity.

Correctness of the ATF level is one of critical operational parameters of the models equipped with AT. Excessive falling of the ATF level can lead to pro-slipping of the converter of rotation whereas the excessive amount of liquid leads to its foaming, to formation of leaks and is fraught with a transmission exit out of operation.

Check of the ATF level has to be made at the transmission warmed up to the normal working temperature (15 ÷ 20 km of a run, 72 ÷ 80th hail.).

It is not necessary to make check of the ATF level right after operation of the car at high speeds, in the conditions of a city cycle in hot weather, or after towage of the trailer, - previously let's liquid cool down within about 30 minutes!


 PERFORMANCE ORDER

  1. Park the car on the flat horizontal platform with a hard coating, strongly cock the parking brake. If the engine cold, start it and warm up up to the normal working temperature on single turns. At the working engine squeeze out a pedal of a brake and serially carry out the AT selector lever through all provisions, in conclusion, having returned it to situation "P".
  2. Without suppressing the engine that the hydrotransformer was filled with transmission liquid, take from the directing tube the measuring probe Fingers remove traces of ATF from a probe edge and to the touch estimate its condition. Check can be made both on cooled down, and on the heated-up engine. As the ATF level depends on engine temperature, the measuring probe has two scales. The scale on one party is intended checks of the ATF level at a temperature of 80 a hail, and on other party - at a temperature of 20 a hail.

The probe of measurement of the ATF level is located in space between the rechargeable battery and the engine

  1. At the cooled-down AT (surrounding temperature is lower the 35th hail.) check has to be complete in a minute after the beginning of operation of the engine. Carefully wipe an edge with pure rags and enter the probe back into the directing tube, having densely put a cover on a mouth.
  2. Again take the probe from a mouth and determine the ATF level in a transmission case by length of the moistened site of an edge. In case of need make the corresponding adjustment, through a funnel having added transmission liquid of the required grade, - fill in ATF directly in a mouth of the directing tube of the measuring probe.

Marks MIN and MOVE in a probe edge


The difference between the marks "MIN" and "MAX" in the "cold" party of the probe corresponds to 0.35 l, and on the "hot" party - 0.2 l.

Add ATF in the small portions in stages, every time checking level. Do not pour oil since its surplus can lead to problems in work of AT. Surplus of oil should be merged or pumped out. Press a pedal of a brake and slowly move the selector lever to all provisions consistently. After that double-check the ATF level.

All admissible to application of ATF it is possible to mix among themselves. Do not apply any additives.

Along with level it is necessary to check as well a condition of ATF. If the liquid moistening the end of an edge of the probe has a dark red-brown shade, or smells of ashes, ATF should be replaced (see the Head Automatic 4-staged transmission). In the absence of confidence in correctness of assessment of a condition of transmission liquid compare it on color and a smell to fresh ATF.

Do not start the engine and do not tow the car without existence of ATF in the hydrotransformer and AT.