1.1. The Opel Corsa B, Tigra and Combo cars – the summary
The Opel Corsa B model was presented in Great Britain in March, 1993 on replacement of the previous Corsa, the A model. The Tigra model was produced in November, 1994. The specified models belong to a class of midget and economic cars and have line 3-or 4-cylinder engines with water cooling. The power unit is located in a motive compartment across the direction of the movement of the car and inclined forward.
The block of cylinders of the engine is made of gray cast iron. In the lower part of the block of cylinders the bent shaft leaning on radical bearings is located. Via conrod bearings and rods the bent shaft connects to pistons. From below the engine is closed by the pallet of a case in which in the course of work the oil intended for lubricant and cooling of moving parts of the engine gathers. The head of cylinders is made of light alloy and fastens to the block of cylinders bolts. In a head of cylinders saddles and the directing plugs of valves made of steel are pressed. Use of aluminum improves the heat sink and reduces the mass of the engine.
The head of cylinders is executed according to the so-called cross scheme of a purge. It means that fresh air-fuel mix arrives on the one hand heads of cylinders, and the fulfilled gases come out on the other hand.
Petrol engines 1.0 and 1.2 of l
3 or 4-cylinder DOHC engines have 4 valves on the cylinder. Valves are set in motion by two camshafts through yokes. For compensation of valvate gaps hydraulic pushers are established. Camshafts are set in motion by a chain.The block of cylinders consists of two parts connected among themselves by bolts. The top part is made of gray cast iron, lower – of aluminum. The lower part is base for installation of radical bearings of a bent shaft.
Petrol OHC 1.2 and 1.4 engines of l
With the top arrangement of the camshaft. The camshaft through a yoke sets eight vertically located inlet and final valves in motion. Hydraulic compensators automatically compensate the formed valvate gaps. Thus, adjustment of a valvate gap within carrying out maintenance is not required. The camshaft is given from a bent shaft through a gear belt.Petrol DOHC 1.4 and 1.6 engines of l
With two top camshafts setting in motion respectively two inlet and two final valves of each cylinder. Both camshafts are set in motion by a gear belt. The drive of valves is carried out by hydraulic pushers. Adjustment of a valvate gap in the course of carrying out maintenance is not required. The multivalvate scheme provides good filling of cylinders and an effective conclusion of the fulfilled gases that in turn provides effective use of fuel.Diesel engine
Vertically located inlet and final valves are set in motion directly from the camshaft through dish-shaped pushers. Within carrying out maintenance adjustment of valvate gaps is required. The drive of the camshaft is carried out from a bent shaft by a gear belt.
For lubricant of the engine the oil pump fixed in front in the lower part of the block of cylinders is used. On petrol engines the oil pump is set in motion directly from a bent shaft, and on diesel engines - a gear belt. Oil from the pallet of a case arrives through openings and channels to bearings of cranked and distributive shaft, and also on walls of cylinders.
The pump of cooling liquid (the water pump) on 4-cylinder petrol engines is in front in the block of cylinders and is set in motion by a gear belt. On petrol DOHC 1.0 and 1.2 engines of l the water pump is in front on the GRM case and is set in motion
V-shaped belt. The water pump of diesel engines is fixed sideways on the block of cylinders and is set in motion by a V-shaped belt.
For preparation of air-fuel mix on petrol engines the system of the central or distributed injection serves. Diesel engines are equipped with the system of direct injection of fuel differing in high profitability with the electronic control of TNVD set in motion by a gear belt.
On petrol engines the spark for ignition of air-fuel mix is generated by electronic system of ignition. Adjustment of the moment of ignition within maintenance is not required.
Engines meet all modern requirements for contents the fulfilled gases of toxic components.
Torque transmission from the engine to shaft of the drive of forward wheels is carried out by means of the 5-staged manual box of gear shifting (MBGS), or the 4-staged automatic transmission (AT) installed on the left side of the power unit, - for more details see Chapters the Manual 5-staged box of gear shifting and Automatic 4-staged transmission.
The brake system is equipped by the regular vacuum amplifier. On all models disk brake mechanisms of forward wheels and back drum brake mechanisms are used. The ABS system is included in a basic equipment of the majority of models.
Completely independent suspension bracket of forward wheels consists of McPherson's racks and cross lower levers. Podvesk of back wheels - semi-independent with the torsion beam and two longitudinal levers, - for more details see the Head Podvesk and steering.
Steering - rack, with the hydraulic booster, the steering mechanism is located behind the engine. The electrohydraulic steering pump is installed directly on the steering mechanism and does not demand service. The tank of hydraulic liquid is built in pump assembly, - see the Head Podvesk and steering.
Both series (Corsa B and Tigra) are equipped with the full-size driver's safety cushions established as the standard equipment. Side safety cushions can be included in the additional package. The system of an immobilization of the engine is applied to protection against breaking. The regular radio tape recorder is equipped with a protective code.